Dinamika Kerentanan dan Keterbukaan dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Partisipatif
Keywords:
employee engagement, psychological safety, vulnerability, leadership, shared decision-makingAbstract
Employee involvement in shared decision-making has complex implications in the context of vulnerability to leadership figures. Psychological safety enables employees to participate authentically without fear of negative consequences. Leaders influence psychological safety through exemplary behavior, invitations to participate, and responsiveness to feedback. Vulnerability is both a risk that must be managed and a necessary condition for openness and learning. Procedural safeguards require the support of informal norms that value openness. Voluntary participation yields higher-quality input but can reinforce voice inequality. Cultural differences in power distance influence the meaning of participation. Ignoring vulnerability leads to individual stress, reduced group cooperation, and a loss of organizational learning capacity. The meaning of employee engagement depends on the quality of leader-subordinate relationships and systems that protect participants.
References
Akella, D. (2016). Dialogue for Fostering Participation or Manipulation. SAGE Open, 6(2), 2158244016642422. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016642422
Andayani, D., Kabalmay, S., Resandi, R., & Darmawan, D. (2010). Pemberdayaan karyawan berbasis keunggulan bersaing. IntiPresindo Pustaka, Bandung.
Argyris, C. (1998). Empowerment: The emperor's new clothes. Harvard Business Review, 76(3), 98-105.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
Darmawan, D. (2010). Budaya organisasi. Metromedia, Surabaya.
Darmawan, D. (2011). Mekanisme liquidity trap dan kegagalan kebijakan moneter konvensional setelah krisis global. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 1(1), 73-84.
Darmawan, D. (2012). Studi empiris tentang hubungan antara keadilan organisasi dan keterikatan kerja. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 2(1), 27-32.
Darmawan, D. (2013). Prinsip-prinsip perilaku organisasi. Pena Semesta – PT. JePe Press Media Utama, Surabaya.
Darmawan, D. (2014). Studi tentang hubungan pengawasan kerja, penilaian kinerja dan pengembangan karir. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(1), 17-24.
Darmawan, D., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2012). Pengukuran kinerja organisasi melalui key performance indicators yang efektif. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 2(2), 50-72.
Darmawan, D., Mardikaningsih, R., & Putra, A. R. (2013). Proses integrasi fungsi SDM dengan fungsi pemasaran, produksi, dan keuangan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(1), 32–42.
Davies, M., & Protection, M. (2016). The importance of being honest. BMJ, 354. https://doi.org/10.1136/SBMJ.I1933
Detert, J. R., & Edmondson, A. C. (2011). Implicit voice theories: Taken for granted rules of self censorship at work. Academy of Management Journal, 54(3), 461-488.
Drucker, P. F. (2006). The effective executive: The definitive guide to getting the right things done. HarperCollins.
Edmondson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
Edmondson, A. C. (2008). Managing the Risk of Learning: Psychological Safety in Work Teams. 255–275. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470696712.CH13
Edmondson, A. C., & Lei, Z. (2014). Psychological Safety: The History, Renaissance, and Future of an Interpersonal Construct. Social Science Research Network, 1(1), 23–43. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV-ORGPSYCH-031413-091305
Ernawati, & Mardikaningsih, R. (2015). Sistem Penghargaan dan Insentif Sebagai Alat Pengarah Perilaku Kerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(1), 65–76.
Fabian, L. E. A., Toomey, T. L., Mitchell, R., Erickson, D. J., Vessey, J., & Wagenaar, A. C. (2005). Do organizations that voluntarily participate in a program differ from non-participating organizations? Evaluation and Program Planning, 28(2), 161–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EVALPROGPLAN.2004.07.008
Fitriyani, F. I., Lembong, D., Zaidi, I., & Darmawan, D. (2011). Pengaruh hubungan kerja dan kompleksitas kerja terhadap niat berpindah kerja melalui stres kerja. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen, 1(1), 23-36.
Goh, J., Pfeffer, J., & Zenios, S. A. (2015). Workplace Stressors & Health Outcomes: Health Policy for the Workplace. 1(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1353/BSP.2015.0001
Grasser, R. A., Majerczyk, M., Staehle, M., Yang, D., & Yang, D. (2017). The Benefits of Deliberative Involvement in the Design of Incomplete Feedback Systems. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3022155
Hariani, M., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2014). Peran servant leadership untuk meningkatkan efektivitas tim. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(2), 39-50.
Hariani, M., & Mardikaningsih, R. (2016). Makna Penghargaan dalam Sistem Kompensasi dan Tunjangan Karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 6(2), 42–56.
Hariani, M., Mardikaningsih, R., & Sinambela, E. A. (2014). Desain Kompensasi Strategis untuk Menyelaraskan Perilaku Kerja dengan Tujuan Organisasi. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(1), 51–62.
Heath, K., Flynn, J., & Holt, M. D. (2014). Women, find your voice. Harvard Business Review, 92(6), 118–121.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's consequences: International differences in work related values. Sage Publications.
Hutomo, S. & Darmawan, D. (2011). Optimalisasi manajemen sumber daya manusia menuju keunggulan bersaing. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 5(1), 13-22.
Irfan, M., Al Hakim, Y. R., & Arifin, S. (2013). Strategi retensi talenta yang efektif dalam organisasi modern serta faktor keberhasilan implementasinya. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(2), 52-63.
Irfan, M., Arifin, S., Darmawan, D., Al Hakim, Y. R., & Putra, A. R. (2015). Standar Kompetensi Sebagai Alat Penyamaan Persepsi Kerja dalam Manajemen Kinerja. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(2), 25–36.
Irfan, M., Darmawan, D., & Arifin, S. (2014). Proses Penataan Ulang Fungsi SDM Seiring Perubahan Strategi Korporasi. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(1), 63–74.
Jahroni, Darmawan, D., & Rojak, J. A. (2015). Manajemen Konflik dalam Dinamika Kelompok Kerja. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(2), 49–60.
Jahroni, J., & Darmawan, D. (2013). Sensemaking dan role conflict dalam pengembangan bawahan oleh manajer lini. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(2), 17-28.
Jahroni, J., Darmawan, D., & Rojak, J. A. (2015). Manajemen konflik dalam dinamika kelompok kerja. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(2), 49-60.
Jiang, Y., Colakoglu, S., Colakoglu, S., Lepak, D. P., Blasi, J. R., & Kruse, D. L. (2015). Involvement work systems and operational effectiveness: Exploring the moderating effect of national power distance. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(3), 332–354. https://doi.org/10.1057/JIBS.2014.61
Khasanah, H., Arum, S., & Darmawan, D. (2010). Pengantar manajemen bisnis. Spektrum Nusa Press, Jakarta.
Koesters, S. C., Shea, T., & Satiani, B. (2017). It’s about the people, not being the boss. Physician Leadership Journal, 4(1), 24–27.
Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed.). Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks.
Lestari, U. P., & Darmawan, D. (2014). Studi tentang hubungan motivasi dan lingkungan kerja dengan kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(2), 1-6.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2011). Mekanisme pengelolaan bakat dalam memperkuat posisi kompetitif perusahaan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 1(1).
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2011). Mekanisme pengelolaan bakat dalam memperkuat posisi kompetitif perusahaan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 1(1), 57-72.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2013). Desain kompensasi strategis untuk keberlanjutan organisasi. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(1), 55–66.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2013). Human Resource Information System untuk Mendukung Pengelolaan dan Penilaian Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(2), 41–51.
Mardikaningsih, R., & Darmawan, D. (2016). Strategi Pengembangan Kompetensi Inti untuk Keunggulan Bersaing. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 6(1), 35–48.
Meadows, G. (2017). Shared decision making: a consideration of historical and political contexts. World Psychiatry, 16(2), 154–155. https://doi.org/10.1002/WPS.20413
Meyer, F., Fevre, D. L., & Robinson, V. M. J. (2017). How leaders communicate their vulnerability: implications for trust building. International Journal of Educational Management, 31(2), 221–235. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2015-0150
Ming, C., Xiaoying, G., Huizhen, Z., & Bin, R. (2015). A Review on Psychological Safety: Concepts, measurements, antecedents and Consequences variables. 433–440. https://doi.org/10.2991/ICSSTE-15.2015.118
Morrison, E. W. (2011). Employee voice behavior: Integration and directions for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 373-412.Parmenter, D. (2007). Key performance indicators: Developing, implementing, and using winning KPIs. John Wiley & Sons.
Pierce, B. R. (2016). Speaking Up: It Requires Leadership Maturity. Nurse Leader, 14(6), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MNL.2016.08.005
Putra, A. R., Arifin, S., & Darmawan, D. (2017). Total Quality Management dalam Membangun Kualitas dan Kemampuan Keberlanjutan Perusahaan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(1), 57–73.
Putra, A. R., Darmawan, D., & Al Hakim, Y. R. (2014). Mekanisme Penciptaan dan Perlindungan Keahlian Inti untuk Keunggulan Kompetitif Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(1), 37–50.
Rojak, J. A., & Darmawan, D. (2015). Strategi Kompensasi yang Kompetitif untuk Mendukung Retensi Karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(1), 53–64.
Vroom, V. H., & Yetton, P. W. (1973). Leadership and decision making. University of Pittsburgh Press.
Zhang, Z., Wang, M., & Fleenor, J. W. (2011). Effects of participative leadership: the moderating role of cultural values. 2011(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2011.65869732