Pendidikan sebagai Determinan Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Negara Berkembang

Jeje Abdul Rojak; Didit Darmawan

Authors

Jeje Abdul Rojak Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Didit Darmawan Universitas Mayjen Sungkono Mojokerto

Keywords:

education, poverty, developing countries, human capital, intergenerational transmission

Abstract

Education plays a central role in breaking the intergenerational cycle of poverty in developing countries. The relationship between these two variables is bidirectional: poverty hinders access to quality education, while low levels of education perpetuate poverty. Poor-quality education in impoverished areas results in children attending school without acquiring the basic skills required in the labor market. The poverty trap occurs because poor families face liquidity constraints and a high discount rate on the long-term benefits of education. The economic returns on education vary by level, with primary education providing the greatest benefits to the poorest groups. Public spending that is biased toward higher education is regressive because it is enjoyed more by the wealthy. Indirect pathways through improved health, reduced fertility, and women’s empowerment amplify the impact of education on poverty reduction.

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